Definitions

aerial root
Any root produced above the growing medium.

anther
The part of the stamen containing the pollen; the end of the column.

backbulb
An old pseudobulb behind the part of a sympodial orchid that is actively growing. Although there may be no leaves, the presence of undamaged "eyes" is a sign that growth is possible.

bifoliate
Having two leaves on the same bulb.

cane
An elongated psuedobulb, usually used when describing Dendrobiums.

crock
Small pieces of broken earthenware or flower pots placed in the bottom of a pot when repotting to aid in drainage.

cultivar
An individual plant or its vegetative propagations, a horticultural variety.

epiphyte, epiphytic
A plant which naturally grows upon another plant but does not derive any nourishment from it. Many of the orchids in cultivation are epiphytic.

eye
The bud of a sympodial orchid that will eventually develop into a new lead.

foliar spray
Many minor nutrients and trace elements beneficial to growth are best absorbed through the stomata of an orchids leaves when mixed with water and sprayed on the plant.

genus
(pl. genera) A natural grouping of closely related species.

habitat
The type of geographic location where a plant normally grows.

hybrid
The offspring of a cross between either species or hybrids.

inflorescence
The flowering portion of a plant.

intergeneric hybrid
A hybrid between members of two or more genera.

keiki
A Hawaiian word referring to a baby plant produced asexually by an orchid plant, usually used when referring to Dendrobiums or Vandaceous orchids.

lead
An immature vegetative growth on a sympodial orchid that will develop into a flower-producing structure.

lip
A modified petal of the orchid flower specialized to aid in pollination and different from the other petals.

lithophyte
An orchid that grows on rocks.

mature size (M.S.)
Plants reach maturity and capable to flower within a year.

medium
The material in which an orchid is container-grown; it may be organic, such as fir bark, or inorganic, such as lava rock.

mericlone
A plant derived from tissue culture and that is identical to its parent.

monopodial
Orchids that grow upward from a single stem, producing both leaves and flowers along that stem.

near mature size (N.M.S.)
Plants almost reach maturity, but require 12-18 months to flower.

node
A joint on a stem or pseudobulb from which a leaf or growth originates.

panicle
An inflorescence with a main stem and branches, the flowers on the lower branches open earlier than the upper ones.

photosynthesis
The process a plant uses to produce carbohydrates and sugar from water and carbon dioxide in the air using chlorophyl-containing cells exposed to light.

pseudobulb
A thickened portion of the stem of many orchids functioning as a water and food storage device.

raceme
An unbranched inflorescence of stalked flowers.

rhizome
A root-bearing stem of sympodial orchids that progressively sends up leafy shoots.

scape
An unbranched inflorescence with one flower.

seedling size (S.S.)
Young plants, need at least 24 months or more to reach maturity.

sheath
A modified leaf that encloses an emerging inflorescence or leaf.

species
A kind of plant that is distinct from other plants.

spike
An unbranched inflorescence of unstalked flowers.

stolon
A branch that grows horizontally above the medium and produces roots and shoots at the nodes.

stomata
The breathing pores on the surface of a plant's leaves.

sympodial
Orchids which grow laterally and produce leafy growths along a rhizome.

terrestrial
Growing on the ground and supported by soil.

unifoliate
Having one leaf.

velamen
The thick sponge-like covering of the roots of epiphytic orchids that helps prevent water loss and aids in absorption.

virus
A type of infectious agent, much smaller than common microorganisms, several forms of which affect certain kinds of orchids.